Air pollution and the skin diseases

Air pollution has emerged as a significant environmental problem in recent decades, with numerous studies linking it to chronic and cardiovascular diseases. However, the impact of air pollutants on skin health remains largely understudied. This chapter offers a detailed analysis of the scientific evidence addressing the connection between indoor and outdoor air pollution with skin problems. Environmental factors have been identified as potential contributors to impaired skin barrier function and increased susceptibility to environmental triggers. As the outermost layer of the human body, the skin will be induced by small airborne pollutants stuck in the pores, causing thinning of the skin layer, itching, acne-like breakouts, skin tanning, dermatitis, and some allergic skin conditions. The possibility that pollutants will cause damage to skin barriers is determined by several factors, including the toxicity of pollutants, subject characteristics, exposure duration, and skin sensitivity. Ozone, particulate matter, gases, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, and oxides have been demonstrated in clinical and epidemiological studies to impact skin health negatively. Inflammation and clinical consequences are increased if harmful substances and ultraviolet radiation are involved. The generation of reactive oxygen species will damage the epidermis and deeper layers of the skin. Children and the elderly are the most vulnerable populations to experience skin disorders due to exposure to air pollutants. Understanding the possible detrimental impacts of air pollution can give significant insights for adopting applicable personal protective measures and advocating preventive health policies for the general population. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved.