Association of serum uric acid, morning home blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors in a population with previous prehypertension: a cross-sectional study

To observe the changes in blood pressure (BP)
over 10 years and to investigate current BP association
to serum uric acid (SUA) levels and cardiovascular risk
factors in the epidemiological data of a target group of
patients with prehypertension in 2007.
Design Cross-sectional
study.
Setting Mlati Subdistrict, Sleman District, Yogyakarta
Province, Indonesia.
Participants A total of 733 patients from ‘Mlati Study
Database’ in 2007 were selected by simple random sampling
using statistical software. Subjects had both physical and
laboratory examinations.
Outcome measures Morning home BP and laboratory
examination of urine (uric acid excretion and creatinine) and
blood samples (SUA, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, a lipid
profile and fasting blood glucose levels).
Results About 31.1% of 733 subjects with prehypertension
became hypertensive after 10 years, 24.6% returned to
normal tension and the rest of it remained in prehypertensive
state. Mean (SD) of SUA levels in 2017 was significantly
higher in men than in women (5.78 (1.25) mg/dL vs 4.52
(1.10) mg/dL, p<0.001). Furthermore, men tended to have
high-normal
(5–7 mg/dL) or high SUA levels (≥7 mg/dL)
compared with women (p<0.001, Relative Risk (RR)=2.60).
High-normal
and high SUA levels in population with a history
of prehypertension were significantly associated with current
prehypertension and hypertension only in women (p=0.001,
RR=1.21). Age and body mass index was found to be
significantly associated with both systolic and diastolic BP
in men, but only with systolic BP in women. Fasting blood
glucose and SUA levels were significantly associated with
systolic and diastolic BP only in women.
Conclusion We concluded that after 10 years, of 733
subjects with prehypertension, 31.1% became hypertensive.
The SUA levels in men are significantly higher than those
in women. Moreover, high-normal
and high SUA levels
were significantly associated with prehypertension and
hypertension in women but not in men.