CTX Gene of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli on Broilers in Blitar, Indonesia

Escherichia coli is one of the causes of infection in humans and animals which can easily cause resistance to antibiotics, one of which is resistance caused by ESBL. This study used 160 broilers cloaca swabs from 6 subdistricts in Blitar District. Isolation of Escherichia coli using Mac Conkey Agar selective media, and identified by biochemical testing of IMVIC and TSIA. Escherichia coli resistance test uses 5 different types of antibiotics, including beta lactam (Ampicillin), aminoglycoside (Streptomycin) group, macrolide group (Erythromicin), tetracycline (Tetracycline) group, and sulfonamide group (Sulfamethoxazole-Trimetropin). ESBL-producing Escherichia coli bacteria were confirmed by the Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST) method. CTX gene characterization using the PCR method. The results showed that 45 isolates (97.8) were Escherichia coli isolates producing ESBL CTX encoding gene found in broiler cloaca swabs in Blitar district. Positive results on the CTX gene showed electrophoretic results of the samples depicting the same fragment as positive control with a gene length of 550 bp. Escherichia coli which has MDR resistance properties in broiler chickens in Blitar District there were 137 isolates from a total of 160 Escherichia coli. The incidence rate of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in cloaca swabs in broiler chickens with the Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST) method in the results of this study showed 46 (28.75) positive isolates of ESBL. These results indicate that the spread of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli is high, therefore it can cause spreading antimicrobial resistance to animal and human health.