Measurement of perceived social support among people with dementia: a validation of the Indonesian version of the personal resource questionnaire-2000 (PRQ2000-INA)

Background: Perceived social support has been shown to play a crucial role in the well-being of dementia patients, potentially reducing the burden of symptoms and enhancing quality of life. However, there is limited research on perceived social support in dementia populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to validate the Indonesian version of the Personal Resource Questionnaire (PRQ2000-INA) for measuring perceived social support in people with mild to moderate dementia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 105 participants diagnosed with mild to moderate dementia at the Memory Clinic of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The PRQ2000-INA, a 15-item self-administered questionnaire, was translated and culturally adapted following international guidelines. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was conducted to assess the construct validity and reliability. Results: The age range of the participants was 62 years, with a total of 64 males and 41 females. The PRQ2000-INA demonstrated strong construct validity, with high factor loadings (> 0.7) and and satisfactory fit indices (RMSEA = 0.045, CFI = 0.988, SRMR = 0.029). The reliability was excellent, with composite reliability 0.97 (> 0.7). No significant differences in perceived social support were observed across demographic variables such as age, gender, and educational level. Conclusion: The PRQ2000-INA is a reliable and valid tool for measuring perceived social support in people with mild to moderate dementia in Indonesia. Further research is recommended to explore the concurrent validity of the PRQ2000-INA and its use in predicting social support in dementia populations. © The Author(s) 2025.