MiRNAs to predict clinical outcome in intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review

Objective: To summarize, the involvement of miRNAs in predicting the progression of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) correlated with the clinical outcome under systematic, structured review. Method: This review was conducted and reported with the guidance of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Literature searching used PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar search engines with predefined keywords. Result: Ten case-controlled studies consisting of 14 different miRNAs were included. Three miRNAs miR-126, miR-130a, and miR-23a-3p were in positive association with perihematomal edema (PHE), and seven miRNAs miR-29c, miR-122, miR-20a-5p, miR-135-5p, miR-34c-5p, miR-155, miR-1278 were regulated in ICH with hematoma expansion. Six miRNAs were reportedly associated with clinical stroke severity, while one miRNA correlated with daily living activity. Conclusion: Several miRNAs are altered and involved in ICH progression by regulating the secondary inflammatory mechanism and hemostasis, resulting in either PHE, hematoma expansion, or poor clinical progression. Further studies are needed to expand the understanding of miRNA involvement and the potential therapeutic effect of miRNA in ICH. © 2025 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/