Frequency and Characteristics of Patients with Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in Indonesia: A Hospital-Based Study

Dementia is a major health problem with rising in frequency due to the increased aging population. We aimed to determine the frequency and characteristics of dementia and cognitive impairments in Indonesia. A hospital-based study that included all patients who visited the Memory Clinic in 4 referral hospitals in Indonesia from January 2018 to December 2022 revealed 45.7 dementia and 32.8 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) cases among 1,160 patients. Vascular dementia was most common (62.1), followed by Alzheimers (25.3). Notably, 10.7 sought evaluation for various cognitive issues, and 9.1 reported subjective cognitive decline. This suggests a multifaceted role for Memory Clinics beyond degenerative diseases. Addressing high vascular dementia rates requires interventions targeting stroke prevalence and vascular risk factors. Improving Memory Clinic services is vital for enhancing dementia care in Indonesia. © 2025, Asian Association for Frailty and Sarcopenia and Taiwan Association for Integrated Care. Published by Full Universe Integrated Marketing Limited.