Flight Activities and Pollen Load of Geniotrigona thoracica in Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Geniotrigona thoracica is a stingless bee with a high potential for honey production and pollination. This study analysed its flight activity and pollen diversity in Tanah Laut, South Kalimantan. Flight activity was recorded at four time intervals, while pollen was collected from foragers and nest cells. Environmental factors (temperature, light intensity, humidity) were measured and analysed using ANOVA and GLM. Results showed stable flight activity with a peak at 06:00-08:00. Temperature only affected bees returning without pollen. Herbaceous plants dominated pollen sources, supporting pollination and providing essential nutrients for colony sustainability. Copyright: © 2026, J. Tropical Biodiversity Biotechnology (CC BY-SA 4.0)