The Effect of Spirulina Platensis Gel on Angiogenesis and Collagen Fiber Density in Gingival Wound Healing

Introduction: Gingiva is a periodontal tissue that can be easily injured by several stimuli. The tissue responds to the injury through the wound healing process. The parameters of wound healing are angiogenesis and collagen fibers density. Spirulina platensis contains phycocyanin, saponin, and flavonoids which increase angiogenesis and collagen fibers density. This study aimed to determine the effect of 12 Spirulina platensis extract gel topical application on angiogenesis and collagen fibers density in the gingival wound healing process of Sprague Dawley rats. Methods: Thirty-six rats were given injury to the mandibular central incisor labial gingiva. These rats were divided into three groups: the treatment group (12 Spirulina platensis extract), the positive control group (Aloclair™), and the negative control group (CMC-Na). These rats were sacrificed to make histological preparations with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Trichrome Mallory. The blood vessel and collagen fibers density were observed using a light microscope at 400x and 13x40 magnification, respectively. Data were analyzed using the Two-Way ANOVA test and the Post-Hoc LSD test. Results: The results showed that the treatment group had the highest number of blood vessels and collagen fibers density on all observation days. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of blood vessels and collagen fibers density between the treatment and positive control group also between the treatment and negative control group. Conclusion: This study concluded that the 12 Spirulina platensis extract gel topical application could increase angiogenesis and collagen fibers density in the gingival wound healing process of Sprague Dawley rats. © 2023 UPM Press. All rights reserved.