New fatty acid ester and meroterpenoid produced by the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. NR-1

New fatty acid ester and meroterpenoid derivatives (1 and 2), and seven known compounds, including five meroterpenoids (3−7), one sesquiterpenoid (8), and one fatty acid ester derivative (9), were isolated from the endophytic strain of Penicillium sp. NR-1. The structures of the new and known compounds, including their absolute configurations, were elucidated by NMR, IR, UV, MS and ECD, and chemical methods. Cytotoxicity, glucose production in rat hepatocellular carcinoma (H4IIE) cells, and calcineurin inhibitory activity of the isolated compounds were evaluated. These results indicate that compounds 1–7 may be less toxic anti-type-2 diabetic agents.