Analysis of Components in Light Tar and Producer Gas from the Organic Waste Gasification Process

Indonesia, as a developing country with an ever-increasing population, has an increasing amount of municipal solid waste, most of which is organic. Organic waste with high, medium, and low moisture content was acquired from TPST Piyungan, Yogyakarta. Moisture content is a organic waste quality parameter that must be studied for its impact on the gasification process. Gasification produces products in the form of gas (producer gas), solid (char + ash), and liquid (heavy tar + light tar). The light tar is the most difficult to separate. The light tar component has a high moisture content and contains 1-6 ring aromatic carbon 46.91, heterocyclic 42.61, phenolic 1.68, benzene 0.60, and other 8.20. Meanwhile, 52.05 of the medium is aromatic carbon rings 1-6, 39.02 is heterocyclic, 0.44 is phenolic, 0.63 is benzene, and 7.86 is other. The content of 1-6 rings at low moisture content is 39.00 aromatic carbon, 46.60 heterocyclic, 1.20 phenolic, and 13.20 others. Producer gas has a high moisture content for chemicals that contribute to calorific value: CO 49.27, H2 2.49, and CH4 4.23. CO is 50.37, H2 is 2.41, and CH4 is 4.40 with medium moisture level; at low moisture content, CO is 53.82, H2 is 2.55, and CH4 is 4.70. Light tar and producer gas are crucial products for determining the quality of the gasification process based on the quality of the organic waste. It is critical to determine the magnitude of the influence on the energy conversion equipment for waste power generation. © 2024 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.