Evaluation of lower urinary tract disease in the Yogyakarta cat population, Indonesia

Background and Aim: This paper reports a retrospective study performed in 185 cats diagnosed with feline lower urinary
tract disease (FLUTD). The analyzed population involved feline patients at the Veterinary Clinic of Universitas Gadjah
Mada, Indonesia. This research aimed to evaluate the clinical indications and causes of FLUTD in the Yogyakarta cat
population.
Materials and Methods: The medical data of all feline patients were obtained to conduct this study. FLUTD diagnoses
were based on physical examinations, urinalyses, ultrasound examinations, and bacterial cultures. Only cats with a complete
examination were used in the study. The clinical signs were evaluated and accompanied by the results of laboratory tests
in cats that showed symptoms of FLUTD. The medical history of all feline patients was analyzed thoroughly. Most of the
feline’s urine samples were collected by catheterization.
Results: The most commonly diagnosed of FLUTD in the Yogyakarta cat population were: feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC)
(56%), urinary tract infection (UTI; 25%), urolithiasis (13%), urethral plugs (UP) (4.9%), and neoplasia (0.4%), respectively.
The prevalence of UTI is higher than that reported in Europe or the US. Older cats more often show symptoms of UTI
and neoplasia, whereas young cats more often show symptoms of FIC and UP. The prevalence of male cats experiencing
FLUTD in Yogyakarta is much higher than female cats.
Conclusion: The incidence rate of FLUTD cases in Yogyakarta is related to age and sex. The results of this study are similar
to those of the previous research studies conducted in other countries