A Comprehensive Survey of Enabling and Emerging Technologies for Social Distancing-Part II: Emerging Technologies and Open Issues

This two-part paper aims to provide a comprehensive survey on how emerging technologies,
e.g., wireless and networking, arti�cial intelligence (AI) can enable, encourage, and even enforce social
distancing practice. In Part I, an extensive background of social distancing is provided, and enabling
wireless technologies are thoroughly surveyed. In this Part II, emerging technologies such as machine
learning, computer vision, thermal, ultrasound, etc., are introduced. These technologies open many new
solutions and directions to deal with problems in social distancing, e.g., symptom prediction, detection and
monitoring quarantined people, and contact tracing. Finally, we discuss open issues and challenges (e.g.,
privacy-preserving, scheduling, and incentive mechanisms) in implementing social distancing in practice.
As an example, instead of reacting with ad-hoc responses to COVID-19-like pandemics in the future, smart
infrastructures (e.g., next-generation wireless systems like 6G, smart home/building, smart city, intelligent
transportation systems) should incorporate a pandemic mode in their standard architectures/designs.