Effect of Xylanase Enzymatic Hydrolysis on The Physical-chemical Characteristics of Flour Palm Dregs

Xylanase is a hemicellulase which involved in the bioconversion of xylan in lignocellulose i.e, flour palm dregs (FPD) into sugars, which is potent as an energy source. Our study evaluated the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis on the physical and chemical characteristics of FPD by xylanase from Trichoderma virens MLT2J2. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed using 10 of FPD as substrate with 16 U enzyme dosage during 8 h of incubation. The nutrient composition of raw and hydrolysed FPD was quantified by the AOAC method and the colour coordinates were measured by a Color Reader colorimeter. The data of nutrient composition and colour values were analysed by T-test. Functional group changes were analysed by FT-IR. Changes in the structures of FPD were determined by SEM. The result showed that the organic matter, hemicellulose, and cellulose content of FPD were decreased (P<0.05) after enzymatic hydrolysis by xylanase. After enzymatic hydrolysis, the values of the colour coordinates L*, a*, and b* was increased (P<0.05). The FTIR analysis showed that all the band intensities of spectral were reduced after enzymatic hydrolysis with xylanase, which indicates the degradation of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin polymer during treatment. The micrographs of the surface of FPD before hydrolysis appeared intact and smoother, while turned coarser after hydrolysis. These findings suggest that the enzymatic hydrolysis of FPD by xylanase could significantly alter the physical-chemical structure of the flour palm dreg and thus could be used as a new feed material for poultry as an energy source. © 2024 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.