Cucumis melo L. ‘Gama Melon Parfum’ Extract: Volatile Compound Profile, Optimization, Preparation and Perfume Radar

Perfume notes are a sophisticated blend of essential or fragrance oils that give perfumes a distinct scent. Melon notes are highly favored aromatic elements in perfumes. Melon (Cucumis melo L. ‘Gama Melon Parfum’), known by the local name Gama Melon Parfum (GMP), is a melon breed that has unique phenotypic characteristics: bitter taste, batik-like pattern, and fragrant aroma. GMP has a fresh and fruity melon character, typically used as a top note in the perfume pyramid concept. Our study aimed to develop a perfume derived from GMP volatile extract as a fragrance ingredient. The process included collection, identification, extraction, physicochemical characterization, volatile compound analysis, perfume optimization, preparation, and perfumery radar. GMP can serve as the top note in a perfume formulation. From the D-optimal mixture design, an ideal perfume formula could be created from a mixture of 0.95 mL GMP, 0.55 mL rose, and 0.50 mL vanilla. The composition was found to produce a perfume that met sensory standards: a transparent and uniform liquid without impurities. It also had a unique aromatic scent with a relative density of 0.8102 g/cm3 which fell within the specified range of 0.7000-1.200 g/cm3, viscosity of 0.7931 cps within the required range of 0.7830-1.4030 cps, and a hedonic level of 9.72 cm out of a maximum of 15.00 cm. The perfume radar showed fruity-floral-musk characteristics. Results from this research indicate that enhancing GMP as a fragrance ingredient enables the creation of an optimal perfume that meets the required standards, is well-received, and demonstrates an inclination toward femininity. © 2025, Universitas Gadjah Mada - Faculty of Pharmacy. All rights reserved.