In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Tectona grandis Linn. Leaves Nanoemulsion

Frequent use of pharmaceutical anthelmintic has resulted in a marked increase in anthelmintic resistance. This resistance is characterized by the inherited reduction in sensitivity of a parasite population to an anthelmintic that was previously effective against it. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Tectona grandis (teak) leaf nanoemulsion as a bioanthelmintic. The nanoemulsion was prepared using leaves of T. grandis grown in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. The anthelmintic effect was assessed through an in vitro mortality test on Haemonchus sp. worms and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Observations were made at 0.5 hours, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, and 12 hours during the in vitro mortality test of Haemonchus sp. worms. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)
was performed, followed by Duncan’s test to determine significant differences. The results of the in vitro study indicated that concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 7% of T. grandis Linn. leaf nanoemulsion inhibited Haemonchus sp., with the 7% concentration causing the death of all adult Haemonchus sp. worms by the 4th hour. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the nanoemulsion revealed damage to the cuticle structures of the worms. The inclusion of up to 7% T. grandis leaf nanoemulsion may serve as a promising alternative for combating Haemonchus sp.