Community-driven Waste Management: Insights from an Action Research Trial in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Background: Yogyakarta is in a waste emergency period. Waste management poses a significant challenge in urban areas, necessitating innovative and sustainable solutions. This article explores the Community-based Waste Management (CBWM) approach implemented in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, shedding light on valuable lessons from this initiative. Yogyakarta City's experience is a case study for understanding the effectiveness of involving local communities in waste management efforts. Through participatory programs, residents have been empowered to actively contribute to waste reduction, recycling, and proper disposal practices. Objective: This study seeks public health-oriented household waste management options and increases public awareness about trash management while keeping public health in mind to overcome Yogyakarta's waste emergency. Methods: This study employs an action research design mixed with qualitative research. Participants were members of society, government authorities (environmental and health offices), and the Yogyakarta Provincial and City Health Offices. For the trial method, participants comprised four cycles utilizing a standard random sample procedure. An in-depth interview was conducted to evaluate the procedure, and questionnaires were used to determine performance indicators for the procedure. Results: Community-based action research guarantees that waste management is improved by approaching it from a public health standpoint. Waste management innovations include implementing environmental sanitation, clean and healthy lifestyles, implementing occupational health and safety concepts, sorting organic and inorganic waste, as well as innovations in household waste management infrastructure. Conclusion: Innovation in waste management considers that public health is necessary for society. Innovation refines waste processing techniques that were previously in use. This idea is suitable and adaptable to the circumstances of Yogyakarta City residents. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.