The Study of Air Pressure System and Extreme Rain in the Southern Java Island

Extreme rain can trigger other natural phenomena that can interfere with human activities. Rain phenomenon extremes are common in tropical cyclones. This study aims to characterize the occurrence of extreme rain events concerning the air pressure system on Java Island. This study uses rainfall data from GSMAP MVK Product and Sea Level Pressure (SLP) from NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis. The identification of extreme rain is carried out with pixel detection of the GSMAP precipitation data from 2015 to 2019. The most extreme rain events were then ranked, and ten events with the highest rain rate were selected. The SLP data at the selected extreme rain event was analyzed and plotted as a map. The principal result shows that in the 10 highest extreme rain events, 4 of them occurred due to the influence of low-pressure systems and tropical cyclones. The rest are associated with other climatic phenomena. In conclusion, this study shows that extreme rainfall tends to be associated with low-pressure anomalies over the Indian ocean. However, not all of the low-pressure anomalies were intensified as a tropical cyclone. Therefore, extreme rainfall in Southern Java Island can be developed due to small air pressure differences.