Green Synthesis of Zinc Nanoparticles Using Bioreductor from Azadirachta indica Extract and its Characteristics

Zinc nanoparticles represent a form of nanotechnology utilizing zinc, which can function as a drug delivery system. This study aims to investigate the role of Azadirachta indica extract as a bioreductor in influencing the characteristics of zinc nanoparticles, including functional groups, size, stability, crystal phase, composition, and shape. The zinc nanoparticles were synthesized by mixing the extract, which was prepared using distilled water (aquadest). The nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques, including ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A trial-and-error approach was employed, and the qualitative data were analyzed descriptively. The results indicated that the absorption peak of the zinc nanoparticles occurred at 365 nm. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of functional groups with high integrity. The particle size of the zinc nanoparticles was determined to be 368.8 nm, with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.472. The XRD pattern exhibited a typical phase plot with good quality and no interference. The zeta potential of the nanoparticles was found to be -43.6 mV, with a standard deviation of 18.8 mV. XRD analysis further confirmed that the zinc nanoparticles exhibited spherical to hexagonal crystalline phases with high crystallinity, as supported by the TEM images. Additionally, the EDX profile confirmed the presence of only zinc (Zn), carbon (C), oxygen (O), and silicon (Si), with no evidence of contamination from other elements. © © 2025 by Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (IJP).