Optimizing performance of hybrid PLA-GFRP composites by using honeycomb pattern and VARI reinforcement

Enhanced mechanical properties on Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Glass Fiber Reinforcement Polymer (GFRP) composites with honeycomb infill are reported in this study. Reinforcing PLA with woven glass fiber using the Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI) method significantly improves mechanical performance. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was induced with experimental test. Tensile strength increased by 184 (60.01 MPa ± 2 MPa), flexural strength by 284 (113.03 MPa ± 5 MPa), and compressive strength by 75 (55.43 MPa ± 1 MPa) compared to pure PLA. The improvement is due to optimized resin infiltration into the honeycomb structure, enhancing internal bonding and stress distribution. The composite structure prevents premature failure and improves load-bearing capacity. This study highlights the potential application of PLA-GFRP composites in aerospace, robotics, and structural components requiring high strength and durability. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.