Convective Heat Transfer Performance on Various Straight Fin Configurations

The rapid increase in electric vehicle demand is led by the awareness of sustainable energy transition. In an electric vehicle, the battery holds a prominent role in energy and power storage, directly affecting its performance. One of the most reliable options for batteries is Li-ion due to its high power and energy density. However, Li-ion is sensitive to its temperature. To ensure the working temperature of Li-ion, many attempts have been made to enhance the heat transfer performance of a battery thermal management system, including surface modification. This study discusses the heat transfer of straight fins with various dimensions and shapes. The results show that the Nusselt number has improved (from just above 30 to almost 60) as the Reynolds number rises. Furthermore, the trapezoidal fin provides higher cooling performance, although the effect is diminished at a higher velocity proven by 8 higher Nu at 1 m/s. Finally, enhancement efficiency is also compared and shows that, although provides higher Nu, trapezoidal fin and higher velocity flow have much higher energy consumption due to pressure drop. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.