Enhancing the Amino Acid and Reducing the Metal Ions Contents in the Hydrolysate Resulting from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Chicken Feather Waste by Chemical Phosphorylation

Chemical phosphorylation of hydrolysate resulting from hydrothermal
carbonization of chicken feather waste was performed to enhance the amino acids and
reduce the metal ions content. The aim of this research is to improve the functional
properties of chicken feathers hydrolysate without impairing the nutritional availability
thereof with the cheapest chemical method by phosphorylation. Phosphorylated
hydrolysate can function as animal feed and fertilizer. The hydrolysate of chicken feathers
was obtained by hydrothermal carbonization in an alkaline condition using a CaO and
KOH catalyst, by the ratio of water:dry matter of chicken feathers is 5:1, at 9–10 atm
pressure, and in a temperature of 190–200 °C during 3 h. Phosphorylation has been
carried out by reacting the hydrolysate with H3PO4 85% in pH of 5, 6, 7 and using the
original hydrolysate as control. The sample that has been prepared was characterized and
semi-quantitative analyzed by HPLC and AAS. The phosphorylation results showed that
the total maximum protein of soluble protein, their minimum metal ions, and anion in
soluble protein was obtained at pH 7, while the higher the pH, the lower the liquid protein
that was obtained.