Safety assessment and compatibility of multi-strain probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum (strain Dad-13 and FNCC-0250) and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMRMP-001 in vivo

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum Dad-13, L. plantarum subsp. plantarum FNCC 0250, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMRMP-001 are isolated from Indonesian traditional fermented food, and their combination may function as a probiotic. This study aimed to evaluate the compatibility and safety assessment of the multi-strain probiotic. In this research, organ weight, hematological parameters, SGOT, SGPT, translocation of bacteria in the blood and organs were evaluated, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to confirm the identity of the strain. The study outcomes indicated that administering a repeated dose of the P4 group did not lead to any toxic effects in rats, even at a high concentration, it can be concluded that GMRMP-001 at high doses did not cause bacterial translocation into the blood and other organs of the rats. The average populations of L. plantarum and L. paracasei in the multi-strain probiotic group showed compatibility with multi-strain probiotic. © 2025 The Authors.