Putranto, Rudi and Setiati, Siti and Nasrun, Martina W. and Witjaksono, Fiastuti and Immanuel, Suzanna and Subekti, Imam and Harimurti, Kuntjoro and Siswanto, Agus and Shatri, Hamzah and Suwarto, Suhendro (2023) Prevalence and Factors Related to Hypovitaminosis D in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Depression. Acta Medica Indonesiana, 55 (2). pp. 150-157. ISSN 01259326
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Abstract
Background: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (hypoD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and depression has not been documented. In addition, the risk factors are unknown. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of and risk factors for hypoD in patients with T2DM who also have depression. Methods: 118 patients with T2DM who visited the outpatient endocrinology clinics at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital between December 2019-September 2022 provided the clinical and demographic data for this cross-sectional study, including body mass index, blood pressure, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profiles, therapy, gender, age, marital status, and educational background. We used The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) to evaluate depression. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit to assess the dependent variable: serum vitamin D. We characterized serum vitamin D levels into three groups (normal, 30 ng/mL; insufficient, 20-29 ng/mL; deficient, 20 ng/mL). We also used analyses of variance to examine the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical factors between the three groups. Results: 118 subjects with T2DM. Their median age was 56 years old (48, 75-60 years old), with a BDI-II score of 17 (15-19), and a serum concentration of vitamin D. The D level was 18.3 ng/mL (9.17–29.46 ng/mL). Only 21.8 of patients with T2DM and depression had sufficient levels of vitamin D. We used multivariable analysis of variance model to examine the associations between age, BDI-II score, HbA1c, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure with vitamin D level. Age and BDI-II score both had a statistically significant effect on vitamin D levels. Conclusion: This cross-sectional study discovered that patients with T2DM and depression had a high prevalence (77.7) of hypoD. Age and BDI-II score both affected differences in vitamin D levels with statistical significance.
Item Type: | Article |
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Additional Information: | Library Dosen |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | hypovitaminosis D, type 2 diabetes mellitus, depression |
Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RC Internal medicine |
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing > Public Health and Nutrition |
Depositing User: | Ngesti Gandini |
Date Deposited: | 05 Jul 2024 04:05 |
Last Modified: | 05 Jul 2024 04:05 |
URI: | https://ir.lib.ugm.ac.id/id/eprint/2789 |