Sustainable Urban Planning through Green Belt in IKN: A Literature Review

The rapid urbanisation of cities presents a significant challenge to biodiversity and ecological balance. A pertinent example is Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN), Indonesia's new capital city, which is poised for swift urban development. The area of IKN is part of Indonesia's biodiversity hotspot and has a high level of endemicity. This study explores the implementation of a green belt in IKN, focusing on its potential to enhance sustainable urban planning. It draws comparative insights from successful global examples in cities like London, Sao Paulo, and Melbourne, highlighting how green belts help prevent urban sprawl while providing co-benefits such as supporting net zero initiatives and preserving natural habitats and biodiversity. Through a comprehensive review of policy frameworks, existing environmental conditions of IKN, and case studies, recommendations for green belt implementation are developed. These recommendations emphasise the need for strong governmental commitment, active community engagement, and the integration of advanced technological tools in the planning and management processes. The integration of a green belt is envisioned to transform IKN into a model of sustainable urban development, harmonizing urban growth with ecological preservation. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.