Advancements and Challenges of Government-Initiated Tourism Development for Sustainable Livelihood: The Case of the Mandalika Destination, Indonesia

Mandalika, a super-priority tourism site within Lombok Island’s Special Economic Zone (SEZ), poses a concern to locals. This study examines the impact of tourism development on the sustainability of local economies, the adaptations made by local communitiesto accommodate tourism, and the government’s initiatives to support local communities and promote sustainabletourism-related livelihoods. This study employs a qualitative research method. The data collection comprised both primary and secondary sources. Thematic analysis was utilized to identify primary themes andpatterns relevant to the study issue. It serves as an essential instrument for analyzing data gathered from the perspectives of indigenous peoples, non-governmental organization activists, tourism business managers, and local government authorities. This study reveals that policies have neglected local adaptability. The Mandalika tourism mega-project resulted in the displacement of indigenous populations, leading to a decline in their income. This research challenges the notion that tourism enhances the local economy. Prioritizing economic growth over social well-being diverts governmental focus from local communities, presenting a significant issue. Strengthening support for life adjustments would improve societal well-being. The government shouldmitigatehazards and prevent the adverse impacts of mega-project development onthe community.