Protective effects of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. extract against UVB-induced oxidative stress in Wistar albino rats (Rattus novergicus Berkenhout, 1769)

Protecting the skin from the effects of UVB radiation using natural products is crucial in the cosmeceutical
industry. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of Bangle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) against UVB‐induced skin damage in Wistar albino rats. The rhizomes were macerated using 70% ethanol v/v, followed by n‐hexane to obtain n‐hexane soluble and n‐hexane insoluble fraction. The antioxidant properties of the ethanol extracts and n‐hexane soluble fraction were evaluated using a 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The study also examined the antiphotoaging
properties through reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging assay, matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP‐1) expression, and
tyrosinase expression against UVB radiation in Wistar albino rats. The results demonstrated that the Z. cassumunar extract
and fraction effectively converted DPPH radicals into a more stable compound. Analysis revealed the presence of Benzene,
4‐(1Z)‐1,3‐butadien‐1‐yl‐1,2‐dimethoxy‐ and (E)‐4‐(3,4‐Dimethoxyphenyl) but‐3‐en‐1‐ol as the primary compounds in both
the extract and fraction, suggesting their contribution to the observed activity. Furthermore, Z. cassumunar compounds
could reduce UVB‐induced ROS production and may protect against skin photoaging by changing the expression of MMP‐1
and tyrosinase levels in Wistar albino rats. These findings suggest that Z. cassumunar holds promise for preventing skin aging