A Method Based on Picture Fuzzy Graph Coloring for Determining Traffic Signal Phasing on an Intersection

Traffic jam in an intersection is a problem that often happens during a peak time in a city. Hence, regulation of traffic flows in an intersection is an important part to handle the problems. There are many methods that offer traffic flow arrangement in an intersection, including the fuzzy graph theory method. The research aims to propose the concept of PFG’s coloring based on strong and weak adjacencies between vertices and to construct an algorithm based on the coloring of PFG for handling traffic signal phasing at an intersection. The proposed steps include: presenting traffic movements as vertices and all conflicts between movements as edges, transforming traffic flows on all movements into a picture fuzzy vertex set, presenting traffic flows on conflicting movements in a picture fuzzy edge set, constructing the PFG model, determining the minimum number of phases and traffic signal phasing using the PFG’s coloring. The proposed method is the novelty of this research. Further, we evaluate the algorithm through a case study at an intersection in Semarang City, Indonesia, namely Kariadi intersection. The result showed that the minimum number of phases is 3 and the traffic signal phasing obtained from the proposed algorithm is safe since there are no traffic flows from merging conflicts that move simultaneously at the same phase.