Platelet-Rich Fibrin as Palatal Wound Dressing Post-Free Gingival Graft: A Review

The gold standard procedure for gingival recession is the free gingival graft (FGG), although it leaves an open wound in the donor area that is prone to problems. Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF) has been shown to aid in the healing of palatal wounds. Nonetheless, there hasn't been much debate about the PRF's mechanism. The purpose of this narrative review was to discuss about the effects and mechanisms of PRF components on palatal wound healing following FGG. In vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that PRF reduces delayed bleeding because of its mechanical qualities, which act as mechanical protection and restore destroyed tissue components. PRF's high platelet content stimulates platelet aggregation when it comes into contact with injured blood vessel collagen, which helps to maintain hemostasis. Platelet activation also promotes cell migration and proliferation within the fibrin matrix. Platelets also regulate the release of growth factors such as PDGF, IGF-1, EGF, VEGF, and TGF-β, which activate macrophages, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells in blood vessels. The presence of leukocytes impacts healing by commencing the neoangiogenesis process. By analyzing the patient's pain level, clinical trials discovered lower inflammation in palatal wounds treated with PRF. Furthermore, PRF has been demonstrated to considerably accelerate palatal wound epithelialization. PRF is preferable when used as a wound dressing for the palate following FGG. Platelets, leukocytes, growth factors, fibrin matrix, and anti-inflammatory cytokines can all see increased expression as a result of this factor's involvement. © 2023, Journal of International Dental and Medical Research. All Rights Reserved.