Potential Effect of Giant Freshwater Prawn Shell Nano Chitosan in Inhibiting the Development of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis Biofilm in Vitro

Haniastuti, Tetiana and Puspasari, Tira Aisah and Hakim, Enggardini Rachma and Tandelilin, Regina Tc. (2023) Potential Effect of Giant Freshwater Prawn Shell Nano Chitosan in Inhibiting the Development of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis Biofilm in Vitro. International Journal of Dentistry, 2023. ISSN 16878728

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Abstract

An oral biofilm comprises a variety of bacteria including Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis that cause human infections, such as caries and periodontitis. Thus, biofilm management plays an important part in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Nano chitosan is a bioactive material that has antimicrobial activities. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of nano chitosan synthesized from giant freshwater prawn shells (PSNC) on S. mutans and S. sanguinis biofilm development. PSNC was prepared from the extracted chitosan of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) shells using the ionic gelation method. The effect of PSNC on S. mutans ATCC 25175 and S. sanguinis ATCC10556 biofilm formation was evaluated using the crystal violet assay. Both bacteria were inoculated in the presence of various concentrations (5, 2.5, and 1.25 mg/ml) of PSNC for 24 h and 48 h. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy were performed to visualize and study the biofilm architectural features. The biofilms were stained with the BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit prior to CLSM observation to monitor the viability of the biofilm. The results showed that PSNC exposure for 24 h and 48 h inhibited the formation of S. mutans and S. sanguinis biofilms. The biofilm formation inhibition percentage increased with an increase in the PSNC concentration (p<0.05). The highest inhibitory activity was shown at 5 mg/ml PSNC (p<0.05). Those findings were confirmed by the subsequent findings using the CLSM and SEM analyses. The biofilm architecture was strongly disrupted upon treatment with PSNC. After exposure to 5 mg/ml PSNC, the number of bacteria significantly decreased. The remaining bacteria were seen as individual cells, showing damaged cells. In conclusion, PSNC inhibits the development of S. mutans and S. sanguinis biofilm in vitro, indicating the potential of PSNC in clinical application for oral bacterial infection, prevention, and treatment. © 2023 Tetiana Haniastuti et al.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Cited by: 2; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access
Uncontrolled Keywords: chitosan nanoparticle; crystal violet; Article; bacterial infection; bacterial viability; biofilm; comparative study; confocal laser scanning microscopy; controlled study; deacetylation; gelation; in vitro study; Macrobrachium rosenbergii; nonhuman; scanning electron microscopy; Streptococcus mutans; Streptococcus sanguinis; surface property
Subjects: R Medicine > RK Dentistry
Divisions: Faculty of Dentistry > Dental Study Program Academic Phase
Depositing User: Desy Natalia Anggorowati Anggorowati
Date Deposited: 14 Oct 2024 01:52
Last Modified: 14 Oct 2024 01:52
URI: https://ir.lib.ugm.ac.id/id/eprint/8364

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