Giant Prawn Shell Nano-chitosan Degrades Streptococcus Mutans ATCC 25175 Biofilm in Vitro

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of giant prawn shell nano-chitosan (GPSN) on the degradation of S. mutans ATCC 25175 biofilm. GPSN was extracted from giant prawn shells (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) through deproteination, demineralization, depigmentation, deacetylation, and ionic gelation method using sodium tripolyphosphate. Biofilm degradation assay was conducted by incubating varying concentrations of GPSN with 24 and 48-h S. mutans biofilms for 24-h. The remaining biofilm was then stained using crystal violet and the absorbance was read by spectrophotometer (λ=540 nm). Biofilms were also analyzed through biofilm viability staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy. ANOVA showed significant differences among groups indicating that GPSN affected the degradation of 24 and 48-h S. mutans biofilms (p <0.05). Post-hoc LSD tests showed a concentration-dependent effect of nano-chitosan in S. mutans biofilm degradation (p<0.05). The number of bacteria in the 24-h and 48-h S. mutans biofilms were significantly less after treatment with varying concentrations of GPSN (p<0.05). In conclusion, GPSN has a biofilm degradation effect on 24-h and 48-h S. mutans biofilms. © (2023), (University of Dicle). All Rights Reserved.