Mangosteen Garcinia Mangostana L. Simplicia Effect on Bone Structure and Behaviour of Wader Fish Rasbora Lateristriata (Bleeker, 1854) Embryo

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is a fruit originating from the tropics which belongs to the Clusiaceae family and has become a commodity with many enthusiasts from various countries. Previous research has shown that mangosteen peel extract has tremendous potential to be developed as an ingredient in herbal medicine. Mangosteen fruit contains antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antihistamine, antidiabetic, anticancer, and so on. The results of the phytochemical screening test of 95% ethanol extract on mangosteen rind showed that it contained flavonoid compounds, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoids, tannins and polyphenols. There is no data on the effect of exposure to mangosteen pericarp simplicia, therefore the objective of the study was to examine the effect of exposure to mangosteen peel decoction on animal models of Wader Pari Fish (Rasbora lateristriata), with parameters such as morphology and bone structure in R. lateristriata larvae. The whole mount embryonic preparation method with Alcian Blue-Alizarin Red staining was used to study bone structure and visual observation with video recorded movie was implemented to study the behaviour of R. lateristriata. Data were analysis with SPSS ver. 25, followed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for significancy. The results showed that the embryo and larvae showed morphological abnormalities in higher concentration treatment. The cranial cartilage examination also revealed no abnormalities at the larvae, the length and the angle of the cranial cartilage did not affected by mangosteen pericarp simplicia treatment. It could be concluded that mangosteen pericarp simplicia exposure caused abnormality on the wader pari fish embryo in dosage dependent manner.