The Effect of Asiatic Acid and Metformin on the Viability Percentage of Mouse Macrophage Cell Lines RAW264.7 and Mouse Fibroblast Cell Lines NIH3T3

Introduction: Diabetes can be caused by inflammatory regulation disorders. Metformin has been reported that inhibits the physiological function of normal cells. Asiatic acid, a bioactive compound from Centella asiatica, has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic agent for diabetes, but little is known about its toxic effects on macrophage cells and fibroblast cells. Objective: The study aims to evaluate the toxic effects of Asiatic acid and metformin on the viability of RAW264.7 macrophage cells and NIH3T3 fibroblast cells. Method: Asiatic acid and metformin with seven concentrations were given to RAW264.7 macrophage cell lines and NIH3T3 fibroblast cell lines. Viability percentage is calculated using the 3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-il) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method, and the absorbance is measured at 595nm. Results: Results have shown that Asiatic acid with concentrations> 12.5 μg/mL decreases the viability of RAW264.7 and NIH3T3 cells drastically. RAW264.7 and NIH3T3 cells that had been given metformin concentrations of 11.6 μg/mL to 370 μg/mL still showed a large percentage of cell viability. Conclusion: Asiatic acid has shown that the cytotoxic effect is greater than metformin, so it is necessary to pay attention to the concentration of the treatment.