Competing Nationalisms in Post-New Order Indonesia

This study discusses competing nationalisms in post-New Order Indonesia, drawn from the official discourses of the nation in the educational arena during the transition to and consolidation of democracy since 1998. Despite government guidelines seeking to homogenize the content of citizenship education textbooks, three official narratives of the nation have emerged. This article demonstrates that competing official narratives of the nation—the state-centered, citizen-centered, and ummah-centered narratives—signify not only tensions in national citizenship education but they also mark the emergence of competing nationalisms in post-New Order Indonesia. © 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.