Bioactive compounds from a marine sponge derived fungus penicillium oxalicum WR3

Chromatographic workup on ethyl acetate extract of fungus culture, Penicillium oxalicum WR3, isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona fascigera, collected from Mandeh Island, south coast of West Sumatera, Indonesia, resulted in the isolation of two known fungal metabolites, culvularin (1) and sydowinin B (2). These compounds were evaluated for the antibacterial towards Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as well as cytotoxic activities against Hela, T47D, and WiDR cell lines. Based on the results of the antibacterial assay, both compounds revealed relatively weak inhibition towards both tested bacterial strains when treated at a concentration of 125 µg/disc and 500 µg/disc, respectively. Furthermore, compound 1 showed mild cytotoxicity against the human cancer cell lines, T47D and HeLa, with IC<inf>50</inf> values of 142.66 ppm and 164.88 ppm, respectively. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.