Experimental Study of Flow and Spray Pattern Characteristics of Biodiesel in a Swirler Burner

The use of electricity with fuel-fired generators in the form of renewable energy and the use of transportation using electricity and biofuel-based fuels (biofuels) have begun to be encouraged. This study aims to analyze the relationship between fuel and air flow rate to the spray angle of B100 biodiesel, then the initial combustion of B100 biodiesel, and the air velocity flow pattern using a swirler burner. This study can provide hope for environmental sustainability, reduce the greenhouse effect, and ensure the availability of stable raw materials and safety and ease of use. Biodiesel is a renewable fuel derived from vegetable oil with the closest properties to diesel fuel. The biggest challenge to utilizing B100 biodiesel is the value of higher viscosity and density than diesel fuel; this makes biodiesel B100 very difficult to burn. This study is experimentally based using a lab scale industrial swirled type burner by varying the mass flow rate of biodiesel B100 4.50 x 10-3 kg/s, 5.40 x 10-3 kg/s, 6.30 x 10-3 kg/s, 7.20 x 10-3 kg/s, 8.10 x 10-3 kg/s, and 9.00 x 10-3 kg/s. Furthermore, variations in the airflow rate are 0.08 kg/s, 0.12 kg/s, 0.16 kg/s, 0.19 kg/s, and 0.22 kg/s. The results of this study are that with the swirler a vortex flow is formed, which causes biodiesel B100 to burn and can maintain its flame. Then the spray angle decreases for each increase in air mass flow rate, and the initial angle of combustion of B100 biodiesel decreases for each increase in air mass flow rate.