Bacterial biocontrol of vibriosis in shrimp: A review

Vibriosis is a disease that frequently infects shrimp and financially devastates the shrimp industry worldwide. Because of the detrimental effects of antibiotic use in shrimp disease management, such as the emergence of various antibiotic-resistant bacteria, decreased antibiotic efficacy due to long-term use, and residues remaining in sediments, water, and shrimp body tissues, researchers are developing alternatives to vibriosis disease control through biocontrol technologies that are more effective, economical, and environmentally friendly. Biological agents such as microalgae, viruses, fungi, and bacteria are used in several biocontrol technologies. Despite its widespread use, several aspects of bacteria-based Vibrio biocontrol remain poorly known, including the most effective pathogen suppression mechanism and how it interacts with shrimp as a host. In this review, the development of biocontrol technologies for vibriosis in shrimp, especially those that use bacteria as agents, such as green water technology, biofloc, probiotics, and synbiotics, as well as the biocontrol mechanism of action and its interactions with the host and opportunities for further studies, are discussed to enrich our understanding of controlling Vibrio in shrimp in the future.