A sesquiterpene aldehyde isolated from ethyl acetate extract of Lansium domesticum fruit peel

Lansium domesticum (fam. Meliaceae) contains various compounds with various biological activities. Based on the previous research, extracts from several parts of the plant have biological activity. This study aimed to isolate a compound from the fruit peel of L. domesticum and evaluate its cytotoxic activity against T47D, WiDr, and HepG2 cell lines. Powdered peels were macerated with ethyl acetate and the filtrate was evaporated to give EtOAc extract. The dried extract was triturated with n-hexane to give n-hexane soluble fraction (A) and an insoluble fraction (B). The fraction B was separated using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) with mobile phase n-hexane: ethyl acetate and given 5 fractions. Fractions B3-B5 were combined and separated using VLC with n-hexane and ethyl acetate as mobile phase. This VLC separation gave 18 subfractions, subfractions 6-9 with a similar TLC profile were combined. This subfraction was separated further using preparative thin layer chromatography to give compound 1. The Isolated compound (1) appeared as a liquid. The chemical structure of 1 was identified according to spectroscopic data and in comparison with literature. Cytotoxic bioassay was performed on T-47D, WiDr, and Hep G2 cell lines in a series of concentrations at 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, and 5µg/mL, with Doxorubicine used as a positive control. According to spectroscopic data, compound 1 was identified as 2-ethyl,3-(1’-hydroxy-2’-menthene) propenal, and demonstrated the strongest cytotoxicity against T-47D cell lines (IC50=39.18±1.54µg/mL). Copyright © 2020 THE AUTHOR(S).