Preparation of Citric Acid-Locust Bean Gum (CA-LBG) for the Disintegrating Agent of Tablet Dosage Forms

Purpose Analyze the effect of HCl concentration 0.24 mol as a synthesis catalyst on the viscosity of CA-LBG and determine the effect of the application of CA-LBG as a disintegrating agent on the physical quality of tablets. Methods Citric acid-locust bean gum (CA-LBG) was synthesized from citric acid (CA) and locust bean gum (LBG) using hydrochloric acid (HCl) and ultraviolet irradiation (UV 254 nm, 100 min). The CA-LBG was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), esterification efficiency, solubility, and viscosity. The tablet formulation used CA-LBG with a concentration variation of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8%, and 12%. Preparation of tablets by direct compression uses a spray dray lactose (SDL) as a filler with a tablet weight of 200 mg. Results Synthesis conditions using 0.24 mol HCl to produce CA-LBG 9.48 cP. The presence of CA-LBG as a disintegrating agent has variation effects to thickness, break force, tensile strength, and friability according to the concentration used. In the formulation process, increasing the concentration of CA-LBG in the tablet mass decreased the flow rate and increased compressibility. Conclusion The increase in the concentration of CA-LBG in tablets accelerated the disintegration of tablets without the influence of other tablet parameters. The CA-LBG disintegration activity through repulsion between CA-LBG deformations on the tablet when wetted with disintegration medium. The repulsion force occurs due to the character of CA-LBG which has low solubility and low viscosity.