Antiangiogenesis Activity of Awar-Awar Leaf Extract (<i>Ficus Septica</i> Burm. F.) In Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay

Cancer is one of the biggest causes of death after cardiovascular diseases. Alkaloid content of awar-awar leaf extract (Ficus septica Burm. f.) is reported to exhibit cytotoxic activity in several cancer cells. This research aimed to identify the antiangiogenesis potential of awar-awar leaf extract on chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chicken embryo induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Awar-awar leaf extract was obtained by the maceration method by using ethanol (70%). CAM was cultured in ex vivo and the angiogenesis was induced by bFGF. The CAM was treated with the extract at concentration of 13.00; 9.75; 6.50; and 3.25 mu g/mL. The observation was done macroscopically and microscopically. Macroscopic observation showed that the extract inhibited angiogenesis at the concentration of 13.00 mu g/mL (62.30%), 75 mu g/mL (51.37%), 6.50 mu g/mL (28.42%), and 3.25mg/mL (13.11%). At higher concentration of the extract, the growth of new blood vessels was decreased, indicated by the reduction in erythrocyte density, parallel blood vessel pattern, and cellular density of mesenchymal tissue. The statistical analysis showed that the inhibition of new blood vessels growth by the extract was in dose dependent manner (p<0.05). Here, we found that awar-awar leaf ethanolic extract showed antiangiogenesis activity in CAM of chicken embryo induced by bFGF.